A welded mesh fence is a steel fence that consists of steel wire strands that are welded together to form a high-strength mesh. Fencing comes in two forms: rolled mesh and rigid mesh. Over the past 30 years, rigid mesh fencing has become the system of choice for boundaries in the UK, Europe and Aust
Titanium had been used in dentistry for a decade before it was first introduced into surgery in the 1950s. [1] It is now the metal of choice for prosthetics, internal fixation, internal devices, and instrumentation. Biomedical implants use titanium from head to toe. One can find titanium in areas su
Titanium adhesive bonding is an engineering process used in the aerospace industry, medical device manufacturing and other fields. Titanium alloys are commonly used in medical and military applications for their strength, weight, and corrosion-resistant properties. In implantable medical devices, ti
In physics, sputtering is a phenomenon in which microscopic particles of a solid material are ejected from its surface after the material itself has been bombarded by energetic particles of a plasma or gas. [1] It occurs naturally in outer space and can be an unwelcome source of wear in precision co
In the case of multiple charged projectile ions, a special form of electron sputtering can occur, which is called latent sputtering. [11][12] In these cases, when the ions recombine during impact on the solid surface (the formation of hollow atoms), the potential energy stored in the multiply charge